New Publication
A new guide, entitled "Quality Assurance in Research and Development and Non-routine Analysis" has recently been published with the endorsement of both CITAC and EURACHEM.
Developed by a working group representing government, academic and industrial interests, the guide is intended to promote and facilitate the design and implementation of QA in the non-routine world. In doing so, it complements CITAC's existing "International Guide to Quality in Analytical Chemistry", (Guide CG1*) which provides similar advice for more routine applications.
The difficulty in applying quality assurance (QA) to research and development (R&D) and non-routine work is widely acknowledged. The benefits gained from a well-defined QA system are more difficult to realise and the related costs more difficult to justify when the tasks involved are less routine. Similarly, many in the R&D environment have resisted QA because they perceive a QA system as imposing constraints on working practices which inhibit creativity and so are counter productive. As a result, the formal take-up of QA principles has been slow in the R&D world, particularly in academia.
The guide provides advice on QA good practice which, it is believed, will facilitate the design and implementation of quality systems for non-routine situations, and enable a suitable level of assurance to be put in place without it being unduly burdensome or stifling R&D creativity. It does this by considering requirements for QA at three levels within an organisation:
The guide includes advice on external verification, but this is not the primary focus of the doc ument. The guide is cross referenced to CG1 and, wherever possible, duplication of material between the two guides has been eliminated. There is also an extensive bibliography.
Copies of the guide can be downloaded free-of-charge from EURACHEM's website at:
http://www.vtt.fi/ket/eurachem/publications.htm
Hard copies of the English language versions cost £30 per copy and can be purchased from:
The VAM Helpdesk LGC Queens Rd Teddington Middlesex TW11 0LY United Kingdom Tel + 44 181 943 7393 Fax + 44 181 943 2767 Email vam@lgc.co.uk
David Holcombe
LGC, UK
ISO/REMCO Accreditation Task Group
As part of its work programme, CITAC has provided a major input into the development of a new ISO Guide on the competence requirements necessary to achieve accreditation for the production of reference materials.
During the past decade, there has been a large increase in the number of producers of reference materials in line with an increasing awareness by analysts that the quality of their measurements needs to be fit for purpose. The demand for new reference materials of higher quality is also increasing as a consequence of both the increased precision of measuring equipment and the requirement for more accurate data in the scientific and technological disciplines. Some previously acceptable reference materials may not meet these more stringent requirements. It is, therefore, not only necessary for reference material producers to supply information about their reference materials in the form of reports, certificates and statements, but also to demonstrate their competence in producing reference materials of appropriate quality.
The original publication of ISO Guide 34 in 1996, also produced with a significant input from CITAC, set out specific technical guidelines on the interpretation of ISO/IEC Guide 25 and the ISO 9000 series standards for reference material production. The more generic requirements of these standards were omitted. Guide 34, therefore, only provides additional guidance for when a reference material producer wishes to be accredited to ISO Guide 25 (or its equivalent national sta ndard) or certified to one of the ISO 9000 series standards. However, since 1996 when ISO Guide 34 was first published, there has been considerable international demand (particularly from Japan and Australia who have taken the lead in using Guide 34) to develop a new (revised) ISO Guide which embraces not only the technical aspects of reference material production, but also the general requirements of the ISO Guide 25/9000 standards.
As a result, ISO/REMCO's Accred-itation Task Group has been working in collaboration with other inter- national bodies - in particularly ILAC which has set up its own working group to address this issue to produce a new, stand-alone document which will enable accreditation authorities to accredit reference material production processes without the need (as at present) to require accreditation to ISO Guide 25 and/or certification to ISO 9000. ISO/REMCO and ILAC have been extremely active during the past two years and a number of drafts have been produced; the final version of the document is reasonably close to acceptance. For further information, please contact: Dr Ron Walker Chair, ISO/REMCO Accreditation Task Group. Address on Page 12 Ron Walker LGC, UK
CITAC Activities in Japan
Since 1993, the Japanese Society for Analytical Chemistry (JSAC) has been actively promoting concepts designed to improve the reliability of analytical chemical measurements.
After establishing a committee to look at the issues involved, JSAC began its public campaign.
Since 1996, the JSAC committee, has organised:
Other organisations have also since organised seminars on similar topics, referring to JSAC's activities. 1998 saw a total of 500 delegates attending meetings arranged by JSAC and other organisations.
The Japanese Government, through the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI), recognises the importance of chemical metrology and actively supports JSAC's work. As well as providing speakers to JSAC's events, MITI has solidified Japan's national chemical infrastructure and strengthened the institute devoted to chemical metrology, as well as the Japanese Accreditation Board (JAB). A second accreditation board, the Japanese National Laboratory Accreditation Board, has now been established.
JSAC is continuing to act as a driving force for analytical chemistry in Japan. It is planning to establish a proficiency testing scheme and has begun to develop reference materials. JSAC, along with the National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research (NIMC), will be hosting the CITAC '99 Symposium in November this year. It is hoped that this event will further increase the profile of JSAC's chemical metrology activities.
Kazuo Yasuda
JSAC, Japan
Kensaku Okamoto
MITI, Japan
A Message from the Retiring Chairman
I find it hard to believe that I am writing my annual article as outgoing Chairman. I officially took over from Bernard King in March 1996 and my 3 years are now up. Time flies when you are having fun!
I hope CITAC is alive and kicking; certainly the level (and ferocity) of international debate on metrological matters - in particular traceability and uncertainty at the working level - has not subsided. This is a healthy but demanding situation. We must not lose the momentum and need to continue to work together to come up with real and practical solutions.
The recent CITAC symposium in Sydney (page 6) provided a forum for vigorous discussion and the abundant feedback from the 100 delegates was most pleasing; particularly as this was the first major CITAC event to be held in my 'home town' (and indeed in the Southern Hemisphere). And it all took place in Australia's castle of physical metrology - CSIRO, NML. I think this plainly shows that chemists and physicists are really on the same side. Metrology in chemistry has always been around but perhaps it has got 'lost in the fog'; together with our own SI unit.
Certainly there is now a global realisation that we must (strive hard to) improve chemical measurements and the Sydney symposium (A full report will be published in "Accreditation & Quality Assurance". [Accred. Qual. Assur (1999): 4: Springer-Verlag]) provided the mechanism to exchange ideas, review progress in various countries and identify future work to put in place the necessary anchors and QA practices, so that real and practical progress can be made.
Some significant progress has been made since 1996. An important issue was to clearly define our own objectives and strategies and this 're-focusing' process has now been completed with CITAC's amended "terms of reference". An integral part of this is for CITAC to establish close links with other bodies but not to duplicate work already being conducted. There are far too few people around to take on this work as it is and many of these already wear many hats! To this end, we have further international-ised and diversified our membership (although we are still looking for more industry re presentation), and work even more closely with bodies like CCQM, ISO-REMCO, IUPAC, ILAC (including EA & APLAC regional bodies), AOAC, EURACHEM and DAC/FECS. Much of this co-operation and communication has been through the electronic media. However, CITAC has also had a presence at many meetings of the above - mentioned groups. Also, CITAC members have been active at 'local' meetings and in this way focussed on issues of interest to the bench chemist relating to traceability, uncertainty, accreditation, proficiency testing, QA, education & training, etc.
I am particularly pleased that CITAC is now a formal stakeholder member of ILAC where, through the work of the Laboratory Liason Committee, these important matters can be discussed with accreditors in a true spirit of co-operation. I would also like to specifically mention the very close links CITAC has with EURACHEM; an organisation with many common tasks, working at the regional level. Both the present and past Chairs, Veikko Komppa (VTT, Finland) and Mire Walsh (State Laboratory, Ireland), have given tireless support to CITAC's work programme and I thank them for this.
All of these meetings, together with the numerous 'stand-alone' CITAC work-shops and symposia have contributed to the understanding of the underpinning concepts, harmonisation of terminology (no small task!), definition of quality requirements and have fostered the initiation of collaborative projects. Some of our CITAC tasks have now been completed and the following publications are now available: (Further information available fromThe VAM Helpdesk)
A third publication is underway; the revision of EURACHEM's "Quantifying Uncertainty in Analytical Measurement". A joint CITAC/EURACHEM working group has met on a number of occasions, under the leadership of Alex Williams, to tackle this difficult but important task, in an attempt to provide a clear and concise guidance of the fundamental issues which underpin traceability and comparability of chemical measurements. The final guide should be available by mid l999 and appeal to a large audience including chemists, accreditors, legislators, legal metro-logists, regulators and other 'customers' who use analytical measurements. To these, dare I add lawyers, who like us have to grapple with the truth that chemistry is not (and never has been) an 'exact science'. Uncertainty may be unpalatable in some quarters but we are stuck with it.
CITAC already has a busy programme scheduled for l999 with our two main gatherings at Orlando (page 7) and Tskuba (page 3) as well as others associated with CCQM, ILAC, ISO-REMCO, EURACHEM/EA/EUROLAB groups.
I wish my friend, colleague and CITAC Chair-Elect, Wolfhard Wegscheider, every success over the next 3 years. I am confident (95%!) that Wolf will enjoy the same level of support that I have had from CITAC members and other interested parties.
Their contributions to our work programme have helped to spread the word to all corners of the globe.
I also look forward to continuing active service with CITAC and meeting up with good friends. One of the joys of the job has been to meet nice people, who share the common goal of promoting (the realisation of) truly international traceability in chemical measurement.
Finally, I would like to express my sincere thanks to all my CITAC colleagues, the CITAC Secretariat and my long-suffering secretary Florence, whose amaz-ing patience and administrative skills have helped me survive a very challenging and stimulating three years. Alas, adieu!
I wish you all the very best for l999.
Regards
Alan Squirrell
NATA, Australia
Message from the Incoming Chairman
As my term of office begins, it is my pleasant duty to thank my two predecessors, Bernard King and Alan Squirrel, for having done such a good job fostering the growth of CITAC in the past six years. The numerous countries that are now represented in CITAC make me hopeful for a growing international membership that always encompasses international input. During this period the Secretariat has been organised by Ron Walker (LGC), who has done much for ensuring the smooth operation of our world-wide group. From its inception CITAC has grown into a truly international forum of delegates concerned with matters of traceability in analytical chemistry, not only in standard laboratory situations, but lately - in collaboration with EURACHEM - also for research and non-routine laboratory work (pages 1 & 4).
The two terms that keep being quoted in conjunction with each other are comparability and traceability. It appears that the cry for traceability is always loudest when another instance of in-comparability is uncovered. When traceability is not firmly in place compa-rability becomes a volatile property in time and space. It is my conviction that striving for traceability must be an on-going action with high priority exercised by well educated and highly respected individuals: traceability will not come cheap. While the traceability of a standard substance may be something that can be "bought in a QA shop", the traceability of everyday results is a product of sound education and careful laboratory work. Thus, traceability is twofold: one can be ordered and comes for money, the other one must be lived and realised on an everyday basis.
It is the mission critical step for CITAC to bridge the gap between labs whose only raison d'tre is to provide traceability and labs that provide analytical services to the public at large. As such, CITAC is a mediator between national laboratories and the analytical chemist, and thereby helps to define best practice in the chemical laboratory.
Honestly: it is still not clear whether there is a preferred route to traceability of results. In any case it must be through a careful consideration of uncertainty of measurement for characterising the links. Laboratories neglecting the estimation of uncertainty also neglect the central role of traceability.
In chemical measurement, however, the definition of the measurand often rests completely with a (paper) standard and no uncertainty can be smaller than implied by the definition of the measurand. Depending on the magnitude of measure-ment uncertainty, traceability may be a firm foundation or a weaker one, but a "stated reference" is always better than none at all. At the very least it gives a starting point for the development of a better reference.
In the years to come, CITAC will be working hard to ensure that no reference is too poor to be suitable for the purpose. On these matters I will always encourage and cherish any input, so please let me share your thoughts (Contact details on page 11).
Wolfhard Wegscheider
University of Leoben,
Austria
Reports:
National Analytical Reference Laboratory (NARL) was established by the Australian Government in 1997, to help provide Australian scientists with the chemical standards they need to make reliable measurements. Mutual recognition of measurement results and th e avoidance of costly disputes require the development of a structured and common system of measurement. Working level measurements will be directly linked to national standards, which are themselves interlinked through international comparisons.
A specific example of a potentially serious measurement problem for Australia is the accuracy of measure-ments of trace levels of pesticide residues in agricultural products, ranging from meat to wine and wool. Exports worth billions of dollars are critically dependent on demonstrating that Australian produce meets importing countries' regulations and also, having the ability and confidence to defend unfair trade disputes. Another topical area of interest is in the Sydney Olympic Games in year 2000, where an Australian laboratory will be at the eye of the storm over the monitoring of competing athletes for banned performance enhancing drugs. Sophisticated regimes are employed to cheat and equally sophisticated chemical measurement is required to ensure that cheats are detected whilst the innocent are not falsely accused. The potential damage to Australian prestige and trade that could result from any failure in this programme is incalculable
Following extensive consultation with stakeholders in Government, industry and academe, the aims of and the strategy for NARL were agreed (Tables1,2 and 3).
If you would like more information or would like to contribute to the work of NARL please contact:
Dr Bernard King Director NARL, Email bernard.king@agal.gov.au Bernard King NARL, Australia
The core of NARL's work will be undertaken by teams covering the following areas:
Table 3: NARL's Priority tasks:
Reports: IMEP 7 - Trace Elements in Human Serum
Since its establishment in 1989, the International Measurement Evaluation Programme (IMEP) has been operated by IRMM (Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements) in Belgium. Studies so far have concentrated on the analysis of trace element in a variety of matrices; from water to the catalysts found in car exhausts, as well as carbon isotope ratio amounts in carbon dioxide.
IMEP-7 concentrated on trace elements in human serum and was organised in close cooperation with interlaboratory test comparison programmes for clinical laboratories in Denmark, Finland, Norway, Austria, Sweden, Belgium and Australia, and with support from the testing and accreditation authorities in Australia and New Zealand. The study focused on the Ca, Cl, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Se and Zn contents in a liquid human serum material prepared by DEKS (Denmark). A total of 277 clinical laboratories from seventeen countries participated. Five measurement institutes used isotope dilution mass spectrometry (ICP-MS and TIMS) and k0-Neutron Activation Analysis to establish traceable reference values for the components.
A total of 1600 results were reported for the nine elements. An example of the participants' performance is shown below. For the majority of laboratories, the deviation from the reference value was within 10% for the elements Ca, Cl, Mg and Na and 20% for the elements Cu, Se and Zn. The majority of the uncertainty statements also proved fairly realistic and a surprisingly high fraction of the participants (35%) claimed their statements to be expanded uncertainties (U, k=2). In previous IMEP rounds on serum no quality statements could be given about the ability to analyse trace elements in serum. Compared to IMEP-rounds in other sectors, IMEP-7 scores the best in terms of concordance between participants' results. This points to an excellent quality culture and to the existence of a good relationship between laboratories and EQA-scheme organisers.
The report on the study* also correlates participants' performance with their status of accreditation, as well as with their experience from regular EQA. National trends and participants' results in relation to target values for uncertainty in clinical chemistry are also included.
For further information about IMEP, please contact:
Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (IRMM)
European Commission-Joint Research Centre Retieseweg
BE-2440 GEEL Belgium
Tel +32 14 571 702 (Mrs Lutgart Van Nevel)
+32 14 571 615 (Dr Philip Taylor)
Fax +32 14 591 978
Ulf Ornemark
SP Swedish National Testing and Research Institute, Sweden
Lutgart Van Nevel, Philip Taylor, Ellen Poulsen, Paul De Bivre
IRMM, Belgium
Symposium Report:
NATA and CSIRO National Measure-ment Laboratory (NML) (Australia) played host to a CITAC international symposium, entitled "Analytical Quality Assurance for the 21st Century", on October 15-16, last year. During the symposium, international experts reported on recent progress in the development of metrology and quality assurance procedures in analytical chemistry. There were a large number of sessions where delegates and speakers had the opportunity to debate the topics discussed.
Day 1 covered international develop-ments in quality assurance strategics. It featured detailed discussions on:
There was substantial agreement on the magnitude of the task, facing the international community, in providing systems that would ensure the accuracy and 'fitness-for-purpose' of analytical measurements. However, there were a wide range of opinions on how to the address the issue.
Day 2 focussed on reference methods and reference materials. The morning session addressed international programmes including:
The afternoon session covered developments in Australia, including the establishment of the National Analytical Reference Laboratory (NARL) and its programmes surrounding the develop-ment of reference materials and methods. CSIRO NML also outlined its activities in developing reference gas standards and methods of purity, traceable to Australian standards.
The programme contained many examples of the value added to measure-ment accuracy, when appropriate trace-ability systems are in place. Several speakers demonstrated instances where inaccurate measurments had resulted in bad decision making and the adverse consequences for the individuals, companies, and national economies.
The symposium proved to be a great success in bringing together practitioners and stakeholders in analytical chemistry.
Laurie Besley
NML, Australia
Adapted from her article in "NATA News", December 1998.
1998 ILAC Conference & General Assembly
Approximately 300 delegates attended the 5-day, 1998 ILAC Conference and General Assembly, which was held in Sydney, Australia, in October, shortly after the CITAC Symposium.
The format for ILAC '98 was an experiment in attempting to blend the interests of ILAC members with the interests of its stakeholders, which now includes CITAC. Laboratory personnel, in particular, were encouraged to attend. This was so that they could se e how ILAC was working towards enhancing the recognition of laboratories world-wide, and ensuring that laboratory accreditation remains relevant to the needs of testing and calibration organisations.
The seminar sessions provided a preview of the new international standard ISO 17025, which will define internationally accepted criteria for future technical evaluation of laboratories. Various accreditation and laboratory practitioners provided an interpretation of these criteria, based on the existing draft standard, and gave their thoughts on how laboratories should deal with them. Case studies examined the application of the new standard to small and large laboratories, and how it may be applied to specialised disciplines.
Other speakers looked at current issues, including:
To keep the program lively and interesting, the ILAC '98 seminar program contained a range of topics, designed to attract a wide range of delegates, with different perspectives from a wide range of speakers. Interactive discussion forums were also crucial in changing the pace of the event, as well as providing an important opportunity for delegates to discuss openly a wide range of issues.
The final two days were devoted to the ILAC General Assembly. Here, ILAC members examined several key matters fundamental to ILAC's continued growth and development. The ILAC MOU and By-laws were formally adopted. Issues surrounding a permanent secretariat, ILAC membership and the financial self-sufficiency of the Co-operation, were reviewed.
The high level of participation by delegates led to lively, constructive discussions throughout the week. This was one of many factors which contributed to the overall success of the confe rence.
Alan Squirrell
NATA, Australia
Forthcoming Event
Venue
Room 207B
Orange County Conference Centre
ORLANDO, Florida, USA
Chair
Dr Bernard King (LGC)
Programme
1:30 Introduction
Bernard King
1:35 Estimating Uncertainty for Certified Values
Wolhard Wegscheider, University of Leoben
2:10 International Laboratory Comparison of Forensic
Ethanol Standards
Bernard King
2:45 Providing Links Between National Standards and
Commercial Reference
Materials
Willie E May, National Institute of Standards and Technology
3:20 Recess
3:35 Accreditation of RM Products
Peter Unger, A2LA
4:10 The Needs of the Commercial Reference Materials Provider
David T. Henderson, Supelco
This symposium is open to all delegates at the 1999 Pittsburgh Conference (PITTCON '99) in Orlando, Florida; from March 7-12, 1999. For further information about PITTCON, please contact:
The Pittsburgh Conference
Tel + 1 412 825 3220 Fax + 1 412 825 3224
Forthcoming Event
CITAC's latest symposium will take place in Tsukuba (a world-famous, academic city in Japan), where many national and private chemical research institutes and laboratories are located. Internationally renowned speakers have been invited to give lectures on the key aspects of 'Reference materials' and 'Traceability in Chemical Measurements'. Also included in the programme are workshops and poster sessions, offering delegates the opportunity to discuss a wide range of topics relevant to the quality of analytical measurements.
This CITAC symposium aims to promote the essential components of measurements fit for purpose, for those working in analytical laboratories including:
All delegates are invited to submit papers to be presented as posters. If you wish to do so, or would like further information about this event, please contact:
Dr. Kensaku Okamoto
Secretary CITAC '99 Japan Symposium
National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research (NIMC)
Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI)
1-1, Higashi
Tsukuba
305-8565 Japan
Tel/Fax +81-298-54-4628
Email kokamoto@nimc.go.jp
Nov 9
Opening Ceremony Session 1: Traceability in Chemical Measurements
Workshop 1: Laboratory Accreditation
Workshop 2: Quantification of Uncertainties
Poster Session 1:
Reception
Nov 10
Session 2: Reference Materials
Poster Session 2
Workshop 3: Proficiency Testing
Workshop 4: Education and Training for QA
Closing Remarks
Nov 11
CITAC Working Group Meeting
Chairman: Prof Yoshimasa Nihei
(University of Tokyo, JSAC)
Vice Chairman: Dr Masaaki Kubota (Director, NIMC)
Secretary: Dr Kensaku Okamoto (NIMC)
CITAC Contact Points:
Mr Alan Squirrell
(CITAC Chair)
National Association
of Testing Authorities
7 Leeds Street, RHODES
NSW 2138, AUSTRALIA
Tel + 61 2 9736 8222
Fax + 61 2 9743 5311
Email asquirrl@nata.asn.au
Prof Dr Wolfhard Wegscheider
(CITAC Chair Elect)
Dept. of General &
Analytical Chemistry
University of Leoben,
Franz-Josef Strasse 18
A-8700 LEOBEN, AUSTRIA
Tel + 43 3842 402 340
Fax + 43 3842 402 543
Email wegschei@unileoben.ac.at
Prof Dr Paul De Bivre
Duineneind 9
B 2460 KASTERLEE, BELGIUM
Tel + 32 14 571605 (office)
+ 32 14 851338 (home)
Fax + 32 14 591978 (office)
+ 32 14 853908 (home)
Email paul.de.bievre@skynet.be
Prof Mauricio Nogueira Frota
INMETRO,
Rua Santa Alexandrina, 416-8¡ andar
20261-232 Rio de Janeiro, RJ-BRASIL
Tel + 55 21 502 1009
Fax + 55 21 293 6559
Email sim@inmetro.gov.br
Dr Pan Xiu Rong
General Director Research Chemist
Chinese National Research
Centre for CRMs
No 7, District 11, Hepingjie
100013 BEIJING, CHINA
Tel + 86 106 4213149
Fax + 86 106 4228404
Professor Veikko Komppa
Technical Research Centre
of Finland (VTT)
Chemical Technology, PO Box 1400
FIN-02044, FINLAND
Tel +358 9 456 5260
Fax +358 9 456 7026
Email veikko.komppa@vtt.fi
Dr Wolfgang Richter
PTB, Bundesallee 100,
D-38116 BRAUNSCHWEIG, GERMANY
Tel +49 531 592 3300
Fax +49 531 592 3015
Dr Werner Hsselbarth
Bundesanstalt fr Materialforschung
und Prufung (BAM), Referat I.01,
Unter den Eichen 87
D-12205 BERLIN, GERMANY
Tel + 49 30 6392 5861
Fax + 49 30 6392 5787
Email werner.haesselbarth@bam.de
Dr Tai Lun Ting
Government Laboratory Hong Kong
Analytical & Advisory Services Division
7/F Ho Man Tin Government Offices
88 Chung Hau Street, KOWLOON, HONG KONG
Tel + 852 2 762 3722
Fax + 852 2 714 4083
Email tlting@govtlab.gov.hk
Dr Krishan Lal
National Physical Laboratory
Dr K.S. Krishnan Road
NEW DELHI-110012, INDIA
Tel +91 11 5741733
Fax +91 11 5752678
Email klal@cenpl.ren.nic.in
Dr Kensaku Okamoto
MITI, 1-1 Higashi
Tsukuba, IBARAKI
305-8565 JAPAN
Tel + 81 298 54 4628
Fax + 81 298 54 4628
Email kokamoto@nimc.go.jp
Dr Kazuo Yasuda
Japanese Society for
Analytical Chemistry
Hitachi Ltd, Instrument Division
882 Ishige, Hitachi-naka,
IBARAKI, 312 JAPAN
Tel +81 29 273 2111
Fax +81 29 273 5174
Email kyasuda@cm.naka.hitachi.co.jp
Dr Hun Young So
Division of Chemistry & Radiation
KRISS, PO Box 102, Yusong,
TAEJON 305-600, KOREA
Tel + 82 42 868 5040
Fax + 82 42 868 5042
Email hys@kriss.re.kr
Dr Yoshito Nakanishi Mitani
CENAM ( Metrologia de Materiales)
Apdo Postal 1-100 centro
CP 76000 QUERETARO,
QRO, MEXICO
Tel + 52 42 110 560
Fax + 52 42 162626
Email ymitani@cenam.mx
Dr Robert Kaarls
NMi, PO Box 654,
2600 AR DELFT
THE NETHERLANDS
Tel + 31 15 269 1507
Fax + 31 15 269 1515
Email rkaarls@nmi.nl
Continued on page 12
Dr Menno Plantenga
NMi, PO Box 654,
2600 AR DELFT
THE NETHERLANDS
Tel +31 15 269 1501
Fax +31 15 261 2971
Email tmplantenga@nmi.nl
| Dr Gregory Ramendik Kurnakov Institute of General & Inorganic Chemistry 31 Leninsky Prospekt GSP-1 MOSCOW 117 907 RUSSIAN FEDERATION Tel + 7 095 236 4277 Fax + 7 095 954 1279 Email ramendik@ionchran.rinet.ru Dr Bernard King LGC, Queens Road, TEDDINGTON Middlesex, TW11 0LY, UK Tel + 44 181 943 7664 Fax + 44 181 943 2767 Email bmjk@lgc.co.uk Dr Ron Walker (CITAC Secretary) LGC, Queens Road, TEDDINGTON Middlesex, TW11 0LY, UK Tel + 44 181 943 7612 Fax + 44 181 943 7554/2767 Email rfw@lgc.co.uk Mr John Hammond Unicam Ltd, UV/visible spectrometry PO Box 206, York Street CAMBRIDGE, CB1 2ST, UK Tel +44 1223 358866 Fax +44 1223 374545 Email john.hammond@unicam.co.uk Dr Gerst Gibbon* Pittsburgh Energy Technology Centre Department of Energy PO Box 10940 PITTSBURGH Pennsylvania 15236-0940, USA Tel + 1 412 892 6092 Fax + 1 412 892 4547 Email gerst.gibbon@fetc.doe.gov Mr Scott Coates AOAC International Suite 500, 481 North Fredrick Avenue GAITHERSBURG MD 20877, USA Tel + 1 301 924 7077 Fax + 1 301 924 7089 Email scoates@aoac.org Dr Willie May Chemical Science & Technology Laboratory NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD-20899, USA Tel + 1 301 975 3108 Fax + 1 301 926 8671 Email willie.may@nist.gov Mr Peter Unger American Association for Laboratory Accreditation 5301 Buckeystown Pike, Suite 350 FREDERICK MD 21704-8307, USA Tel + 1 301 644 3248 Fax + 1 301 662 2974 Email punger@a2la.org Dr Wayne Wolf Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Centre Agricultural Research Service US Department of Agriculture 10300 Baltimore Blvd BELTSVILLE, MD 20705, USA Tel +1 301 504 8927 Fax +1 301 504 8314 Email wolf@bhnrc.usda.gov Dr Celia Puglisi INTI, CC 157, San Martin BUENOS AIRES (1650) ARGENTINA Tel +011 541 752 0818 Fax +011 541 754 5301 Email meb@inti.edu.ar Dr Ales Fajgelj IAEA, Wagramer Strasse 5, P.O. Box 100 A-1400 VIENNA AUSTRIA Tel + 43 1 2600 28233 Fax + 43 1 2600 28222 Email fajgelj@iaea.org.at The CITAC Secretariat LGC, Queens Road, TEDDINGTON Middlesex, TW11 0LY, UK Tel + 44 181 943 7614 Fax + 44 181 943 2767 Email citac@lgc.co.uk |
CITAC News published by:
The CITAC Secretariat LGC Queens Road Teddington Middlesex TW11 0LY United Kingdom Tel + 44 181 943 7614 Fax + 44 181 943 2767 Email citac@lgc.co.uk
Internet:
Internet site arranged by:
Veikko Komppa, VTT, Finland
Sponsors of CITAC's 1998 activities:
We are indebted to these organisations, who continue to sponsor CITAC's activities.
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